| Adenoma |
is a benign type of mass, or tumor.
That is to say that it is not cancerous.These
can occur in many organs including
the thyroid, parathyoid, pancreas,
and adrenal glands.
|
| Adrenal Cancer |
is a malignant, or cancerous, growth
of the adrenal gland. It is rare and
may be difficult to cure. |
| Adrenalectomy |
is the surgical removal of the
adrenal gland. The extent of the removal
dictates the terminology of the operation
such as:
- Anterior Adrenalectomy is an
adrenalectomy performed through
a single abdominal incision.
- Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy
is an adrenalectomy performed
through multiple (4 or 5) small
abdominal and flank incisions
with the help of long instruments
and a surgical telescope to remove
the gland with potentially less
pain and a shorter recovery.
- Posterior Adrenalectomy is an
adrenalectomy performed through
an incision in the back.
|
| Adrenal Glands |
are glands located on top of each
of the 2 kidneys. They secrete many
important hormones such as cortisol,
aldosterone, sex hormones, and adrenaline.
|
Adrenocortical
Carcinoma |
is another term for Adrenal Cancer
|
| Autotransplantation |
is a process of reimplanting your
own tissue into a different site in
your body. This is sometimes done
with parathyroid glands if their blood
supply is not adequate after an operation.
|
| Calcium |
is an electrolyte or a chemical
element of your blood. It is important
for many bodily functions involving
muscles and nerves but is also a major
component of bone structure.
|
| Carcinoid Tumors |
are rare tumors that can occur
throughout the digestive tract or
in the bronchial tree (air passages
of the lung). Depending on the location
and extent, these tumors may be associated
with a syndrome of flushing and diarrhea.
|
| Carcinoma |
is the pathological term for a
type of cancer
|
| Conn's Syndrome |
is primary hyperaldosteronism or
adrenal overproduction of a hormone
called aldosterone. This may cause
high blood pressure and a low blood
potassium level.
|
| Cushing's Syndrome |
refers to any condition with elevated
glucocorticoid levels (a type of steroid
hormone). This can be related to many
factors including drug administration,
pituitary gland tumors, or adrenal
tumors.
|
| Endocrine Surgery |
is the type of surgery which specializes
in the surgical treatment of endocrine
diseases - those diseases affecting
the endocrine glands of the body.
|
| Endocrinology |
is the study of the endocrine organs.
These are a group of glands in the
body that manufacture and secrete
hormones.
|
| Gastrinoma |
refers to a tumor that secretes
the hormone gastrin. Elevated levels
of gastrin can cause severe ulcer
disease and diarrhea.
|
| Goiter |
is a general term that means enlargement
of the thyroid gland.
|
| Graves' Disease |
is a type of autoimmune disease
that can cause enlargement of the
thyroid gland (a goiter) and overproduction
of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism).
This disease may even affect the eyes
and cause a bulging apearance as well
as vision problems.
|
Hashimoto's
Thyroiditis |
is another type of autoimmune disease
that affects the thyroid gland. It
may cause enlargement (a goiter) and
although it occasionally may cause
temporary overactivity of the thyroid
gland (hyperthyroidism), it usually
causes permanent underactivity (hypothyroidism)
and may require treatment with thyroid
hormone medication.
|
| Hormones |
are small substances secreted by
glands such as the thyroid, parathyroids,
pancreas, and adrenals which are able
to act on tissues elsewhere in the
body to cause a specific response.
|
| Hyperaldosteronism |
see Conn's syndrome above.
|
| Hypercalcemia |
is elevation of your blood calcium
level. It may have many causes, but
one of the more common ones is primary
hyperparathyroidism, or overactivity
of the parathyroid gland(s).
|
| Hyperparathyroidism |
refers to overactivity and growth
of the parathyroid gland or glands.
In the most common form, this is accompanied
by hypercalcemia and may cause or
worsen many problems including kidney
stones, depression, ulcer disease,
pancreatitis, fatigue, constipation,
osteoporosis,or joint pains.
|
| Hyperthyroidism |
is the overproduction of thyroid
hormones.
|
| Hypothyroidism |
is underproduction or ineffectiveness
of thyroid hormones.
|
| Insulinoma |
is a type of tumor of the endocrine
cells of the pancreas that makes insulin
and can cause severe hypoglycemic
attacks (low blood sugar).
|
| Pancreas |
is an important gland located deep
within the abdomen. It makes substances
that help with digestion of food but
also makes multiple hormones such
as insulin, glucagon, somatostatin,
and others.
|
| Pancreatectomy |
is an operation to remove a portion
of the pancreas done for a tumor or
for severe dysfunction.
|
Parathyroid
Glands |
are small glands behind the thyroid
(usually numbering 4) which secrete
a hormone responsible for maintaining
the balance of calcium in the body.
|
| Parathyroidectomy |
is an operation to remove a parathyroid
gland. This is usually done for hyperparathyroidism.
Some types of this disease may require
removal of more than one parathyroid
gland.
|
Minimally-Invasive
Radioguided
Parathyroidectomy |
is a type of parathyroidectomy
where a very small incision is made
to find and remove a single parathyroid
gland causing the hyperparathyroidism.
Finding the gland is facilitated by
use of a radioisotope (that concentrates
in the parathyroid gland) and a radiation
detecting instrument.
|
| Pheochromocytoma |
is a type of tumor, usually in
the adrenal gland, which may overproduce
catecholamines (substances such as
adrenaline) which can cause severe
high blood pressure, heart problems
and headaches.
|
| Thyroid Cancer |
is a malignant growth in from the
thyroid gland. These may be of many
types including papillary, follicular,
Hurthle cell (a.k.a. oxyphilic or
oncocytic), or medullary cancers.
Surgery plays an important role in
treating these cancers. Some of these
cancers can also be detected and treated
with radioactive iodine compounds
following surgery.
|
| Thyroidectomy |
is the surgical removal of thyroid
tissue. The extent of the removal
dictates the terminology of the operation
such as:
- Hemithyroidectomy or Lobectomy
is the removal of about half of
the thyroid
- Subtotal thyroidectomy is removal
of less than the entire thyroid
gland.
- Total Thyroidectomy is complete
removal of the thyroid gland.
|
| Thyroid Gland |
is a butterfly-shaped gland located
in the front portion of the neck.
It processes iodine to make thyroid
hormones which regulate the body's
overall metabolism.
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